Kebijakan Tata Kelola Artificial Intelligence dalam Perspektif Evidence-Based Policy dan Educational Governance

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most influential technologies transforming educational systems worldwide. However, AI governance policies in Indonesian education remain fragmented, lacking a comprehensive framework that integrates evidence-based policymaking with educational governance principles. This study aims to analyze the governance policy of Artificial Intelligence in Indonesian education from the perspectives of Evidence-Based Policy and Educational Governance. This research employed a qualitative approach using policy analysis methods. Data were collected through document analysis of national education regulations, strategic government policies, UNESCO recommendations, OECD AI Principles, and recent international scientific publications. The data were analyzed using interactive analysis consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that AI governance policies in Indonesia are still predominantly technology-oriented rather than governance-oriented. Major challenges include regulatory fragmentation, inadequate digital infrastructure, insufficient teacher competencies, ethical concerns, and the absence of a comprehensive AI governance framework. This study proposes an integrated AI governance model comprising regulatory governance, institutional governance, human resource development, digital infrastructure, ethical governance, and continuous policy evaluation. The study implies that evidence-based AI governance can strengthen policy effectiveness, improve educational quality, promote digital equity, and support sustainable educational transformation toward the Indonesia golden in 2045.